Last Updated on August 13, 2024 by News Desk
A recent report on elephant population estimates from four reserves in the state reveals concerning trends. It shows that young elephants, particularly those under 10 years old, face a high mortality rate of around 40%. This alarming increase in calf deaths is linked to Elephant Endotheliotropic Herpesviruses – Haemorrhagic Disease (EEHV-HD).
The Forest department points to a recent Sri Lankan study suggesting that larger herds offer better survival rates for calves. In these larger groups, calves benefit from shared immunity and develop antibodies against EEHV-HD more effectively, improving their chances of survival.
The report emphasizes the urgent need to restore natural habitats and prevent fragmentation of elephant herds to protect against EEHV-HD. Smaller herds in degraded habitats struggle with limited food resources, leading to increased mortality rates.
The report also highlights how elephants face growing challenges due to habitat loss and fragmentation, worsened by climate change. Factors such as reduced population sizes, sensitivity to heat, competition from invasive plants, and increased disease risks contribute to their vulnerability.
Additionally, the study identifies critical variables affecting elephant distribution, including changes in land use, water balance, temperature fluctuations, and human disturbances.
To address these issues, the study recommends implementing a structured protocol similar to Tamil Nadu’s Elephant Death Audit Framework (EDAF). This framework would enable thorough investigations into elephant deaths, helping to identify patterns, assess threats, and apply effective conservation measures.
Written by — Athi Venkatesh AVD
